Black teas are teas which are almost completely oxidized before roasting. These teas are rolled and bruised to break the leaves’ cell walls, allowing the leaves to oxidize more. This process occurs until the leaves are around 90-95% oxidized, at which point the leaves are baked. Black teas are never 100% oxidized in order to preserve the natural, fresh flavors of the tea.
The high level of oxidation in black teas allows for the development of more tannins, which gives these teas their robust body and deep, intense flavors. Because of their popularity, many black teas are mass-produced and use lower-quality, smaller (crushed) leaf particles which tend to get bitter quickly. However, high-quality loose leaf black tea retains its balance, complexity and depth without this bitterness.
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